Significant Whitespace In Expressions

January 8th, 2011
ideas, math, programming, tech
Order of operations can conflict with what an expression looks like it should mean. For example, the expression a * b+c looks like it means a*(b+c) but technically (and in most computer languages) means (a*b)+c. This seems analagous to the reasoning behind python using indentation instead of braces. The C code:
  if (x)
     if (y)
       z();
  else
     w();
looks like it should mean
  if (x) {
    if (y) {
      z();
    }
  }
  else {
    w();
  }
but actually means
  if (x) {
    if (y) {
       z();
    }
    else {
      w();
    }
  }
Python deals with this by treating the whitespace as significant, so:
  if x:
    if y:
      z()
    else:
      w()
and
  if x:
    if y:
       z()
  else:
    w()
both mean what they look like they should mean.

Some examples of how I would propose we do things instead:

  write                 to mean
  -----                 -------
  a+b                   a+b
  a + b*c               a+(b*c)
  a * b+c               a*(b+c)
  a+b * c+d             (a+b)*(c+d)
  a+b - c+d             (a+b)-(c+d)
  a+b  *  c+d - e+f     (a+b) * ((c+d) - (e+f))
  a  *  c + d + e       a*(c+d+e)
  a + b                 a+b, maybe yields warning
  a-b+c                 error
  a*b+c                 error
Algorithm:
for each number of spaces 0 on up:
  group any terms with that number of internal
  spaces by adding parens

Comment via: facebook, substack

Recent posts on blogs I like:

The benchmarkpocalypse

There's been a lot of talk about the vulnpocalypse, to which I don't have much to add because I'm not a security person, but I haven't seen much discussion on the closely related (and to be fair, less serious, issue), the benchmarkpocalyps…

via Posts on August 17, 2026

You can't join the secret inner circle of cool effective altruists

I, and a lot of other people I know, seem to believe something like this:

via Thing of Things August 11, 2026

Microfictions 2

A few more microfictions, still no LLMs.

via Evan Fields August 7, 2026

more     (via openring)